تحلیل توزیع فضایی داروخانه ها در منطقه 20 شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
حبیب اله فصیحی
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: " توزیع فضایی", "تکنیک بافری", "دسترسی", "داروخانه", "منطقه "20 ,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی توزیع فضایی داروخانه‌ها در سطح منطقه 20 شهرداری تهران است. روش پژوهش ارزیابی-تحلیلی بوده و در آن از روش‌های آمار فضایی و تکنیک بافری در سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی استفاده شده است. داده‌های مورد استفاده مشتمل بر موقعیت و مشخصات داروخانه‌ها، لایه‌های اطلاعاتی کاربری زمین، خیابان‌ها و بلوک‌های جمعیتی سال 1395 بوده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که در محدودة مطالعاتی به‌طور میانگین در ازاء هر 7562 نفر یک داروخانه فعال وجود دارد که در حدود استانداردهای جهانی اما پایین‌تر از نصاب‌های تعریف شده در ایران است. برای رسیدن وضعیت استاندارد وزارت بهداشت، محدودة مطالعاتی نیازمند 42 داروخانه جدید است. در تحلیل‌های نزدیک‌ترین همسایه، نسبت نزدیک‌ترین فاصله همسایگی، 77/0 محاسبه گردید. در تحلیل خوشه‌ای چند فاصله‌ای، منحنی نتایج مشاهده شده بالاتر از منحنی نتایج مورد انتظار بود. در شاخص موران، Z Score حاصل نزدیک به 1 (99/0) به‌دست آمد. موارد فوق همه گواه توزیع خوشه‌ای داروخانه‌ها در منطقه است. ترسیم حوزه‌های خدماتی هر داروخانه به شعاع 330 متر نیز نشان داد که 51 درصد از سطح منطقه که 7/۶۰ درصد از جمعیت به‌سر می‌برند، تحت حوزه خدماتی دست کم یک داروخانه قرار داشته و اما بقیه را داروخانه‌ها پوشش نداده‌اند. از این رو گذشته از رفع کمبودها، برنامه‌ریزی پراکنش متناسب مراکز خدمات درمانی و بهداشتی در منطقه نیز ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. اطلاعات نقشه فاصله-های اقلیدسی داروخانه‌ها از محل‌های سکونت نشان داد که شایسته است مجوزهای جدید احداث داروخانه به قسمت‌های شمال‌شرقی منطقه اختصاص یابد
The aim of this study is to investigate the spatial distribution of pharmacies in district 20th ‎of Tehran municipality. The research method was descriptive-analytic and we use spatial statistics ‎and buffering techniques in GIS. The data used included the location of the ‎pharmacies, the land use information and population blocks . Findings ‎show that in the study area, there is one active pharmacy for every 6030 people, which is around ‎world standards but lower than those defined in Iran. Nearest neighbor analysis conclusions ‎show that the closest neighborhoods ratio was 0.77. Multi-distance cluster analysis shows that ‎observed results curve was higher than the expected results curve. The Z score of the Moran ‎index was nearly 1 (0.99). The oval ‎concentrations of the population and the oval focus of the pharmacies are not overlapped. These ‎all show that the distribution of pharmacies is clustered. If we assumed a service area of 330 ‎meters radius for each pharmacy, it concluded that 51 percent of the region area and 60.7 percent ‎of its residents are under the jurisdiction of at least one pharmacy and the rest are not been ‎covered. Therefore, apart from eliminating deficiencies, planning for the appropriate distribution ‎of health and health centers in the region is also necessary.‎
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